After you learn how to properly hold your body in the water and relax, you can move on to using your arms to propel yourself forward. The secret to a truly powerful freestyle stroke lies in one, often misunderstood, technique: the "catch."
Don't be scared by the technical term "Early Vertical Forearm" (EVF). This lesson will break down this crucial skill, using simple analogies to help you finally learn how to catch the water and unleash your full potential.
Early Vertical Forearm is simply the act of getting your hand and forearm into a vertical, paddle-like position as early as possible after your hand enters the water. The goal is to create the largest possible surface area to "catch" the water.
Instead of thinking about using your arms to pull yourself forward, pretend that you use them as anchors.
When you set your forearm vertically in the water, you are creating a fixed anchor. Then, instead of pulling the anchor back, you engage your core and lats to pull your body forward past the anchor. This creates far more leverage and power than just slipping your hand through the water.
Of course, this is an exaggeration, but if you were to swim in some thicker liquid, this anchor notion would be much more visible.
Most beginners, and even many experienced swimmers, have this flaw. A "dropped elbow" is when, after the hand enters the water, the elbow drops down and leads the pull.
When this happens, your hand and forearm are pushing water down towards the bottom of the pool instead of pushing it backward. This provides very little propulsion and is a major source of inefficiency and "slipping" in the water.
To fix a dropped elbow, you need a good mental image. Imagine you are wrapping your arm around a large barrel that is floating on its side in front of you, right below the water's surface.
To grab the barrel, you must reach over it while keeping your elbow high. Then, you bend your arm to reach your fingers down and around the curve of the barrel. This is the exact motion of a high elbow catch. You are anchoring your hand and forearm to the water's surface, preparing to pull your body over the barrel.
The picture below sort of illustrates what I mean, but in this guy's case, he is only halfway and if he were doing our exercise, he'd continue to move his fingers down the barrel until his chest would touch it and his elbow would be nicely bent.
Learning this high elbow position can be very difficult, as it's not an intuitive motion. Luckily, there are some excellent tools designed to help you feel it.
This short video shows how the TechPaddle can help you learn the proper catch.
Here is another video that explains the concept of the high elbow catch very well.
So, there you have it.
The high elbow technique is not easy to learn, but if you are patient and stick with it, your swimming will improve dramatically.
It is the technique of getting your forearm into a vertical, paddle-like position as early as possible in your underwater pull. The goal is to use your entire forearm, not just your hand, to anchor yourself in the water.
A high elbow allows you to create a large, stable 'paddle' with your forearm. Instead of just pulling your hand backward through the water, you anchor this paddle and pull your body forward past it, generating much more leverage and power.
The most common mistake is a 'dropped elbow.' This is when the elbow leads the pull and drops down towards the bottom of the pool, causing your hand and forearm to push water down instead of backward, which results in a loss of power.
Imagine you are wrapping your arm over a large barrel that is floating in front of you right below the water's surface. To do this, you must keep your elbow high and bend your arm to reach down and around the barrel. This is the exact motion of a high elbow catch.
Specialty technique paddles are designed for this purpose. The TechPaddle acts as a brace to force your arm into the correct position, while the Antipaddle helps you develop a better 'feel' for the pressure on your forearm.